Contents
From the Editor-In-Chief
S. Tikhvinsky. The Way It Was. From Reminiscences about the Proclamation of the PRC on October 1, 1949.
RF-PRC: 60 Years of Diplomatic Relations
Interview by the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation S. Lavrov to the Journal Far Eastern Affairs
A. Borodavkin. Russia and China: Along the Road of Good-Neighbourliness and Cooperation
S. Razov. Sixty Years of Russian-Chinese Relations: Certain Lessons
The 60th Anniversary of the Foundation of the PRC
M. Titarenko. China on the March: Achievements and Development Prospects in the 21st Century
N. Mamayeva. The People’s Republic of China: 60 Years of Party-Political Transformations. The CPC and the CPSU — Certain Trends of Comparative Analysis
V. Trifonov. Foreign Policy of the PRC (1949-2009)
A. Verchenko. The Role of the Soviet Specialists in Economic, Technological and Humanitarian Spheres of the PRC (1949-1960)
FEA Round Table
The 60th Anniversary of the PRC: Results and Prospects
Society
E. Bazhenova. Population of China in the Period of Modernization and Economic Reforms
History
V. Usov. Study of History of the PRC in Russia in the Past Ten Years (1999-2009)
Chen Zhihua. Three Decades of Studying History of the USSR in the PRC (1978-2008)
Culture
Mao Zedong. “Winter Clouds”. Selected Verses (Foreword and Translation by A. Pantsov)
At Russian-Chinese Friendship Society
G. Kulikova. In the Name of Good-Neighbourliness, Friendship and Cooperation
Information
A. Aleksanyan, S. Gorbunova. 300 Years of Russian Sinology as Seen by a Chinese Scholar
Scholar Jubilee
Yakov M. Berger is 80
Jubilee of Zoya A. Muromtseva
Contents
Summary
M. Titarenko. The Way It Was: Reminiscing the Procla-mation of the PRC on October 1, 1949
China’s GDP in 2008 exceeded 4.4 trillion dollars (16.5 times more than in 1978), but this tumultuous growth, as the article notes, is accompanied by “a whole range of new and crucial contradictions, challenges and difficulties.” They include discrep-ancies in the development of towns and villages, a gap between eastern and western regions, social polarization, inadequate sys-tems of social and health protection and education. The extensive, catching-up model of growth is based on the massive use of cheap labor, cheap natural resources, and the drawing of foreign capital. Under the patronage of more than 500 transnational corporations the PRC has become a “world shop” engaged in assembling goods on foreign patterns and samples. The catastrophic destruction of the life environment is payment for this extensive model.
The article notes the growing role of the “westernized section of the young personnel and managers in the present generation of Chinese leadership. These new masters of life” already number over one million.
In the author’s view, the parallel economic growth of the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China could be an optimal scenario for their cooperation, just as for the consolidation of the positions of Russia in the world. The realization of this pros-pect will require no small efforts on the part of both countries, and favorable international and economic situation.
Key words: “Sinozation” of Marxism; idea of harmony; “world shop,” catching-up model of economic growth; property polarization.
N. Mamaeva. The People’s Republic of China: 60 Years of Party-Political Transformations. The CPC and the CPSU – Cer-tain Trends of Comparative Analysis
The article is devoted to the role of the communist party in the process of Chinese modernization. The author stresses a conti-nuity of the political process, its historical roots and specific fea-tures in the development of China during 60 years. Political re-forms in China are divided into several stages: 1950-1970’s; the end of 1970’s – 1980’s; 1990’s — 2002; from the XVI Party Con-gress up to nowadays.
Key words: political process, The role of the party, party and state, interest conflict, political reform.
V. Trifonov. Foreign Policy of the PRC (1949-2009)
The author analyses the elaboration of the foreign policy of the People’s Republic of China since its proclamation on October 1, 1949, its modern conceptions, position of the PRC on the issues of safeguarding the international peace and security, foreign policy priorities of China, its relations with leading world powers and ac-tivities in the most important regions of the world.
Key words: PRC foreign policy, foreign policy conception,
strategic partnership, Russia, USA.
A. Verchenko. The Role of the Soviet Specialists in Eco-nomic, Technological and Humanitarian Spheres of the PRC (1949-1960)
The timely aid provided by the USSR and its specialists who worked in most of the sectors of the Chinese national economy in the 1950s, helped China to achieve an unprecedented transforma-tion and to make a spurt towards modernization. In the post-war environment of economic depression and isolation the country has received the necessary support , which helped to reorganize the en-tire system of controls over the national economy, to lay the corner-stone for the modern industry, science and technology as well as to educate skilled personnel nation-wide.
Key words: Soviet-Chinese relations, soviet specialist, soviet assistance, industrial mosernization.
The People’s Republic of China is Sixty Years Old:
Round Table at FEA
The round-table discussion at the Institute for Far Eastern Studies RAS and the journal Far Eastern Affairs devoted to the 60th anniversary of the PRC was keynoted by three types of prob-lems: ideological and theoretical problems, questions of domestic policy and economy, and foreign-policy issues. It was noted, among other things, that Chinese academic public wished to pre-sent the six decades of the existence of the PRC as a single process, without opposing the first three decades to the second three dec-ades, which looks as the desire “to emphasize the significance of the initial revolutionary legitimacy of the power of the CPC.” The realities of the two periods were analyzed and it was noted that at present China “restores its positions of one of the two main world leaders in the economy, culture and other spheres of public life, which it had during the Tang epoch and in the middle of the rule of the Qing dynasty.” Having analyzed the progress of market re-forms, the role of China in globalization processes and the success-ful measures to counter the world crisis, the participants in the round-table discussion did not ignore unresolved problems and challenges, such as polarizing incomes, westernization trends, growing protest sentiments, the “new left” phenomenon, etc. In creating its image, China combines reliance on the “soft force” with the modernization of the army. When analyzing foreign-policy problems emphasis was made on the PRC relations with the U.S.A.
Key words: Mao Zedong; “Chinese economic miracle;” macroeconomic regulation; market reform; “China is dissatis-fied;” soft force; Nixon’s visit to the PRC; N. Ferguson; “G-2” and Chimerica.
E. Bazhenova. Population of China in the Period of Mod-ernization and Economic Reforms
The article analyses main trends in the demographic devel-opment of PRC since 1949, as well as the changes that took place under the influence of socioeconomic factors and population policy during 60 years. Since the PRC Government and the CCP connect demographic problem with the fate of Chinese nation, they believe, that success of modernization policy, progress in social and eco-nomic spheres and promotion to the status of global power depend on solving the population problem in China.
Key words: economic reform, population, demographic de-velopment, modernization, living standard, migration
V. Usov. The Study of the PRC History in Russia for the Past Ten Years (1999-2009)
The article reviews material by Russian authors on the his-tory of the PRC in individual monographs and in team works for the past ten years.
It examines a series of works on the PRC economy, the So-viet-Chinese and Russian-Chinese relations, the socio-political his-tory of China, and presents abstracts of individual books about leaders of the PRC.
Key words: Soviet-Chinese relations; Russian-Chinese rela-tions; history; monograph; historiography.
Chen Zhihua. Three Decades of Studying History of the U.S.S.R. in the PRC (1978-2008)
The article by the well-known Chinese scholar analyzes the main trends of studying the history of the U.S.S.R. in the PRC. It is noted that during the 1978-1991 period Chinese scholars concen-trated attention around the specific features of the Soviet model of socialism. In the center of their discussions were assessments of the policy of “war communism,” the NEP period, the activity of N. Bukharin, and the “Stalin model” of socialism. Since 1991 and up to now the main subject has been the reasons for and lessons of the disintegration of the U.S.S.R.
Key words: Chinese historians; war communism; NEP; “Stalin model;” disintegration of the U.S.S.R.; reasons, lessons.